7. Show Your Work Data Feminism

7. Show Your Work

Data feminism principle #7 - Arrange for real work. Data-on-data work, like all work in the world, is the work of many hands. Data feminism prominently arranges for this work to be recognized and valued.

Published March 16, 2020 Last released 3 years ago View details 7. Show your work Data-on-data work, like all work in the world, is the work of many hands. Data feminism prominently arranges for this work to be recognized and valued.

Principle: Make Labor Visible

If you work in the field of software development, you probably have an AKK on GitHub. As of June 2018, this online code management platform has 20 million equivalent users worldwide. Users can create web collaborative repositories of initial code (among other forms of content), in which they then have every opportunity to make personal contributions to the project team of any volume, making GitHub much easier than ever to prepare a common piece of work for another piece of software, site, or even book.

Well, if you're a man, it's easier. A 2016 study found that female GitHub users were less likely to have their contributions accepted if they indicated they were female in their user profiles. (The study did not indicate non-sexual status.)1 Criticism of GitHub's commitment to inclusivity and its inaccessibility is still on display in the company's internal politics. In 2014, GitHub's co-founder was forced to resign after sexual harassment allegations were made public. 2 Absolutely not so long ago, in 2018, Agnes Pak, a top advocate of GitHub in the past, filed a lawsuit against the company for the fact that she appeared to have changed her work figures afterwards, as she complained about the fact that Paul and Lace actually contributed more to a lower compensation package, and in fact, gave a reason to reduce it. 3 The Pak lawsuit was closed absolutely not so long ago, and then, as in 2017, Coraline Ada Omke, the transgender creator of the software support, left a significant output manual to categorically tell about her own bad experiment at GitHub. 4 There is no doubt that GitHub has a certain number of serious issues to correct in the company culture.

However, aggressive corporate civilization for girls does not eliminate other feminism intervention. And GitHub prepares one important thing: platforms help to write a common code. In addition to the main tools for managing the plan (such as tracking mistakes and functional requirements), the GitHub platform also generates visualization of each team member's contribution to the code base of the plan. A regional map placed in the appearance of a small number of lines can compare the number, frequency, and period of a specific team member (Fig. 7. 1a). The linear diagram reveals the pattern of the day of the week when these contributions (Fig. 7.) In addition, the relationship between various plans, similar to a block diagram, is unpleasant if it is unpleasant. It helps to identify all the information providers of the plan that did not have the opportunity and all the auxiliary plans with all possibilities that develop the first work of the plan (Figure 7.)

Figure 7. 1: (a) The first of the third visualization of the chord fixing related to the Lauren Research Group's plan, a major contribution to research students from 2014 to 2019. (b) The histogram shows the frequency of fixing the cord over time, and the linear diagram shows every pattern fixed on the day of the week. The diagram reminiscent of the Block diagram of the Scia Lauren F. Klein (C) on the screen is a document between different sectors in the cod e-based sector of the plan. Squia Loren F. Klein on the screen, but aggressive corporate civilization does not eliminate other feminism interventions. And GitHub prepares one important thing: platforms help to write a common code. In addition to the main tools for managing the plan (such as tracking mistakes and functional requirements), the GitHub platform also generates visualization of each team member's contribution to the code base of the plan. A regional map placed in the appearance of a small number of lines can compare the number, frequency, and period of a specific team member (Fig. 7. 1a). The linear diagram reveals the pattern of the day of the week when these contributions (Fig. 7.) In addition, the relationship between various plans, similar to a block diagram, is unpleasant if it is unpleasant. It helps to identify all the information providers of the plan that did not have the opportunity and all the auxiliary plans with all possibilities that develop the first work of the plan (Figure 7.)

Figure 7. 1: (a) The first of the third visualization of the chord fixing related to the Lauren Research Group's plan, a major contribution to research students from 2014 to 2019. (b) The histogram shows the frequency of fixing the cord over time, and the linear diagram shows every pattern fixed on the day of the week. The diagram reminiscent of the Block diagram of the Scia Lauren F. Klein (C) on the screen is a document between different sectors in the cod e-based sector of the plan. Squia Loren F. Klein on the screen, however, aggressive corporate civilization does not eliminate other feminism intervention. And GitHub prepares one important thing: platforms help to write a common code. In addition to the main tools for managing the plan (such as tracking mistakes and functional requirements), the GitHub platform also generates visualization of each team member's contribution to the code base of the plan. A regional map placed in the appearance of a small number of lines can compare the number, frequency, and period of a specific team member (Fig. 7. 1a). The linear diagram reveals the pattern of the day of the week when these contributions (Fig. 7.) In addition, the relationship between various plans, similar to a block diagram, is unpleasant if it is unpleasant. It helps to identify all the information providers of the plan that did not have the opportunity and all the auxiliary plans with all possibilities that develop the first work of the plan (Figure 7.)

Coding is a Rarbot that anyone who has done programming perfectly can understand perfectly. However, this work does not simply appear in a visible way every time. The same is true for data collection, analysis, and visualization. Interactive visualization, such as the "map of ships" in Fig. 7. 2, indicating a larg e-scale merchant ship's route for 2012 is large and difficult. The "map of the ship", which indicates the five marine flights, opens Aqua Stea-network, and the element is our giant product chain. However, we are likely to know the process of helping to make the visualization itself and the people's network. Data Database-Collected and discovered sets of Klakson's Research UK, 77 business surfaces, creating a visualization data model that we were angry at the London Research Institute, which devised the data model. Kirun-To the artist's team. And it goes without saying that this is a 10, 000, 000 paid ship that functions as a data source. Visualization, which is similar to the "map of the ship, is by many people. coding is a Rabot that anyone who has done programming perfectly can understand perfectly. However, this work does not simply appear in a visible way every time. The same is true for data collection, analysis, and visualization. Interactive visualization, such as the "map of ships" in Fig. 7. 2, indicating a larg e-scale merchant ship's route for 2012 is large and difficult. The "map of the ship", which indicates the five marine flights, opens Aqua Stea-network, and the element is our giant product chain. However, we are likely to know the process of helping to make the visualization itself and the people's network. Data Database-Collected and discovered sets of Klakson's Research UK, 77 business surfaces, creating a visualization data model that we were angry at the London Research Institute, which devised the data model. Kirun-To the artist's team. And it goes without saying that this is a 10, 000, 000 paid ship that functions as a data source. Visualization, which is similar to the "map of the ship, is by many people. Coding is a Rarbot that anyone who has done programming perfectly can understand perfectly. However, this work does not simply appear in a visible way every time. The same is true for data collection, analysis, and visualization. Interactive visualization, such as the "map of ships" in Fig. 7. 2, indicating a larg e-scale merchant ship's route for 2012 is large and difficult. The "map of the ship", which indicates the five marine flights, opens Aqua Stea-network, and the element is our giant product chain. However, we are likely to know the process of helping to make the visualization itself and the people's network. Data Database-Collected and discovered sets of Klakson's Research UK, 77 business surfaces, creating a visualization data model that we were angry at the London Research Institute's Energy University Academic Research Group, which devised the data model Kirun-To the artist's team. And it goes without saying that this is a 10, 000, 000 paid ship that functions as a data source. Visualization, which is similar to the "map of the ship, is by many people.

Unfortunately, releasing data products to access seriously, in principle, will not reach out to the overwhelming number of this job. We often show the dataset keys, the names of those who have invented and introduced the code and graphical components. However, occasionally we have the first time we created the data, who did it to collect and use it to use it, and who else would have the opportunity to arrange these creators as "map of ships". In order to admit whether it was there, it may dig deeper. Of course, it is not easy to find such information. Also, if the design group (or individual) is already working on perfect strength or feeling a shortage of butzettes, this information is astonishingly large, very large. It has the possibility of dragging the work. Sometimes you can't find it, including those cases, which have information about resources, desires, and information on the circles of other planning members. However, we are more serious about all of the problems we encounter this job, and the more serious tasks of Miam-Posner actually calling the information research readers "data supply chain". 7 Like the contents of the ship visible on the map of the ship, we only know the scarce details-The map has a function to tell if the container is sinking on the boat, but the container sinks on the boat. It doesn't tell me if you are.

Figure 7. 2: In 2016, Kiln's visualization of mass shipments with time constraints created by Kiln with data from the London Research Institute Energy University (UCL EI). The ship's website was created by Kiln's Duncan Clark and Robin Houston, and the datakit was assembled by UCL EI Julia Shaumayer and Tristan Smith. The website still has a soundtrack: Bach's Goldberg appears in the implementation of Kimiko Issaku. However, releasing data products to access seriously, in principle, does not reach overwhelmingly in this job. We often show the dataset keys, the names of those who have invented and introduced the code and graphical components. However, occasionally we have the first time we created the data, who did it to collect and use it to use it, and who else would have the opportunity to arrange these creators as "map of ships". In order to admit whether it was there, it may dig deeper. Of course, it is not easy to find such information. Also, if the design group (or individual) is already working on perfect strength or feeling a shortage of butzettes, this information is astonishingly large, very large. It has the possibility of dragging the work. Sometimes you can't find it, including those cases, which have information about resources, desires, and information on the circles of other planning members. However, we are more serious about all of the problems we encounter this job, and the more serious tasks of Miam-Posner actually calling the information research readers "data supply chain". 7 Like the contents of the ship visible on the map of the ship, we only know the scarce details-The map has a function to tell if the container is sinking on the boat, but the container sinks on the boat. It doesn't tell me if you are.

Figure 7. 2: In 2016, Kiln's visualization of mass shipments with time constraints created by Kiln with data from the London Research Institute Energy University (UCL EI). The ship's website was created by Kiln's Duncan Clark and Robin Houston, and the datakit was assembled by UCL EI Julia Shaumayer and Tristan Smith. The website still has a soundtrack: Bach's Goldberg appears in the implementation of Kimiko Issaku. Unfortunately, releasing data products to access seriously, in principle, will not reach out to the overwhelming number of this job. We often show the dataset keys, the names of those who have invented and introduced the code and graphical components. However, occasionally we have the first time we created the data, who did it to collect and use it to use it, and who else would have the opportunity to arrange these creators as "map of ships". In order to admit whether it was there, it may dig deeper. Of course, it is not easy to find such information. Also, if the design group (or individual) is already working on perfect strength or feeling a shortage of butzettes, this information is astonishingly large, very large. It has the possibility of dragging the work. Sometimes you can't find it, including those cases, which have information about resources, desires, and information on the circles of other planning members. But in an attempt to accept this job, all of the issues encountered reflect more serious tasks that Miam-Pozner actually calls readers in information research. 7 Like the contents of a ship visible on the map of the ship, we only know the scarce details-The map has a function to tell if the container is sinking on the boat, but the container sinks on the boat. It doesn't tell me if you are.

Figure 7. 2: Visualization of mass shipments accompanied by Kiln in 2016 with data from the London Research Institute Energy University (UCL EI). The ship's website was created by Kiln's Duncan Clark and Robin Houston, and the datakit was assembled by UCL EI Julia Shaumayer and Tristan Smith. The website still has a soundtrack: Bach's Goldberg appears in the implementation of Kimiko Issaku.

To put it simply, it is not a coincidence that most of the work to produce products from data (visualization, algorithm, model, application) is invisible and unified. In a capitalist society, visible work is worthwhile. This is the result of a system in which the cultural value of all specific form of work is directly linked to the price we pay. However, the opposite is usually true. We do not recognize the great value of the service that we can get for free. In the early 1970s, when the international feminist team started a "homework for a fee" campaign, they tried to expose the special phenomena of this invisible labor, that is, because of the no n-compensation. (Figure 7. 3). 8 The exact term they used to express this labor is the reproduction labor. This is derived from the classic economic distinction of paid, thereby financially productive labor in the market, and thus, without any other things, and, beyond, economically no n-productive labor. Since the labor in the latter category is reproduced and not simply (and incorrect), a group like an international feminist group is the scope of the work that the terms cover, for example, cooking. He tried to emphasize that cleaning and childcare are reproduced labor. To be precise, what was the fact that these labor is a reproductio n-product labor? Simply put, it is not a coincidence that most of the work (visualization, algorithm, model, application) of the product from data is invisible and unified. In a capitalist society, visible work is worthwhile. This is the result of a system in which the cultural value of all specific form of work is directly linked to the price we pay. However, the opposite is usually true. We do not recognize the great value of the service that we can get for free. In the early 1970s, when the international feminist team started a "homework for a fee" campaign, they tried to expose the special phenomena of this invisible labor, that is, because of the no n-compensation. (Figure 7. 3). 8 The exact term they used to express this labor is the reproduction labor. This is derived from the classic economic distinction of paid, thereby financially productive labor in the market, and thus, without any other things, and, beyond, economically no n-productive labor. Since the labor in the latter category is reproduced and not simply (and incorrect), a group like an international feminist group is the scope of the work that the terms cover, for example, cooking. He tried to emphasize that cleaning and childcare are reproduced labor. To be precise, what was the fact that these labor is a reproductio n-product labor? To put it simply, it is not a coincidence that most of the work to produce products from data (visualization, algorithm, model, application) is invisible and unified. In a capitalist society, visible work is worthwhile. This is the result of a system in which the cultural value of all specific form of work is directly linked to the price we pay. However, the opposite is usually true. We do not recognize the great value of the service that we can get for free. In the early 1970s, when the international feminist team started a "homework for a fee" campaign, they tried to expose the special phenomena of this invisible labor, that is, because of the no n-compensation. (Figure 7. 3). 8 The exact term they used to express this labor is the reproduction labor. This is derived from the classic economic distinction of paid, thereby financially productive labor in the market, and thus, without any other things, and, beyond, economically no n-productive labor. Since the labor in the latter category is reproduced and not simply (and incorrect), a group like an international feminist group is the scope of the work that the terms cover, for example, cooking. He tried to emphasize that cleaning and childcare are reproduced labor. To be precise, what was the fact that these labor is a reproductio n-product labor?

The Invisible Labor of Data Science

"Wage for housework was born in Italy, and he traveled to the United States with the support of organizer Sylvia Federiche, an organizer. As a result, the movement had a branch in some American cities and conducted many activities to raise awareness. 9 More importantly, as well as famous feminists like Angela Davis, housing labor may be unpaid for white women, but especially black. In the United States, in the United States, he has been wage by doing housework at another person's house. 10 Here, Davis reaches an important conclusion about racial labor. For example, it is structured by race and class symptoms, as family labor is structured by gender symptoms. The housework for women with colored races was a lo w-wage labor, as a feminist labor theorist says. Thanks to the low wages, almost all middle and upper class white women have been able to participate in paid work, which is more advantageous, (and still possible). 11

Figure 7. 3: "Wage for housework" March 1977. Shooting: Betty Lane. Radcliffe University Schulesiner Library / Betty Lane.

Since the 1970s, the term "invisible labor" has been invisible to be done indoors, regardless of unpaid, unpaid, or paid, and labor that is invisible to be performed in an inseparable place. It has been included in all kinds of labor, such as labor, which is generally invisible because it does not have physiological forms. 12 If you access Wagesforfacebook. com, you can see the version of the debate "wage of housework", which is updated to reflect the new form of labor. There is no doubt that digital labor theorists such as Tiziana Teranova helped our understanding. 13 "They call it all the recruitment. We call it plagiarism." This sentence refers to the work that many of us do every day, such as Facebook's likes, Instagram posts, and tweets on Twitter. Laurel Ptaku and Teranova, the artist of the movie "Paychecks for Facebook", also enable the profits and prosperity of Facebook and Twitter for the invisible work of our likes and tweets. I am talking about whether it is.

The world of data science has benefited and prosperous due to invisible no n-compensation work. How did Netflix improve the way of personal movie? The company was interested in crowdsourcing. 14 The British version of "Guardian" outlines how 2 million documents leaked, which could retain information on no n-personal financial expenditures by the government. Is it? I used crowdsourcing. 15 How did the optical character recognition (OCR) correctly make mistakes in the early advanced book data you downloaded for your own plan to analyze the text? This was also created by crowdsourcing. 16

Each crowdsourcing plan was designed as a good line (and as a chance to get $ 1 million in network). People needed to participate in these plans, and their supporters were satisfied with their work to promote social good. 17, but Ash Dradyden, a task consultant in contrast to the creator of the software, only in the case of their desires and time, people actually have all opportunities to help crowd sourcing. Being there. Remember 18 GitHub research. If you know that you are a woman and the contribution to the programming plan is acceptable with less probability than men, will you be willing to participate in the project? As another example, let's look at Wikipedia. However, the obvious gender population statistics of Wikipedia members are unknown, and many studies are actually 84 to 91, among those who personally contribute to the encyclopedia based on crowdsourcing. I found it. 19 Why? It is likely that if they come from a woman's editor, they actually have the minimum opportunity to edit. 20 This may be related to Wikipedia's exceptional editing culture and technical infrastructure, as Haiser Ford and Judy Vikman, scientific and technology (STS), may say. 21 Without this in consideration, there is a reason to return to the debate that Wikipedia's editing culture and technical infrastructure are suitable for female editors. The world of data science has benefited and prospered because of invisible no n-reward work. How did Netflix improve the way of personal movie? The company was interested in crowdsourcing. 14 The British version of "Guardian" outlines how 2 million documents leaked, which could retain information on no n-personal financial expenditures by the government. Is it? I used crowdsourcing. 15 How did the optical character recognition (OCR) correctly make mistakes in the early advanced book data you downloaded for your own plan to analyze the text? This was also created by crowdsourcing. 16

Each crowdsourcing plan was designed as a good line (and as a chance to get $ 1 million in network). People needed to participate in these plans, and their supporters were satisfied with their work to promote social good. 17, but Ash Dradyden, a task consultant in contrast to the creator of the software, only in the case of their desires and time, people actually have all opportunities to help crowd sourcing. Being there. Remember 18 GitHub research. If you know that you are a woman and the contribution to the programming plan is acceptable with less probability than men, will you be willing to participate in the project? As another example, let's look at Wikipedia. However, the obvious gender population statistics of Wikipedia members are unknown, and many studies are actually 84 to 91, among those who personally contribute to the encyclopedia based on crowdsourcing. I found it. 19 Why? It is likely that if they come from a woman's editor, they actually have the minimum opportunity to edit. 20 This may be related to Wikipedia's exceptional editing culture and technical infrastructure, as Haiser Ford and Judy Vikman, scientific and technology (STS), may say. 21 Without this in consideration, there is a reason to return to the debate that Wikipedia's editing culture and technical infrastructure are suitable for female editors. The world of data science has benefited and prosperous due to invisible no n-compensation work. How did Netflix improve the way of personal movie? The company was interested in crowdsourcing. 14 The British version of "Guardian" outlines how 2 million documents leaked, which could retain information on no n-personal financial expenditures by the government. Is it? I used crowdsourcing. 15 How did the optical character recognition (OCR) correctly make mistakes in the early advanced book data you downloaded for your own plan to analyze the text? This was also created by crowdsourcing. 16

In a capitalist society, "time is money" is common. But don't forget to ask who is spending and who is saving. The underlying condition of Amazon's mechanical tark (also called mturk because it is a crowdsourcing platform) is the desire to save the time and income of the people who handle data. 24 MTURK's website describes access to the global market "o n-demand workers" and "extended and economical" than the "labo r-intensive (and) remote" process that employs actual workers. It is advertised as "effective for". 25 However, according to a recent survey by the Pew Research Center, 51 % of workers called "Turkish people" have received higher education. He has received higher education, and has fallen below the minimum wage, even in light of other indicators. 26 This form of lo w-wage labor in this form has also moved from the United States to countries with weak (or worst) and less economic growth opportunities. According to a survey conducted in 2010 by the University of Ilveein California, the number of core workers hired in the United States was as follows in 18 months of observation.

Even companies with abundant resources such as Amazon and Google have been very underestimated in data entry work than that they have created. Andrew Norman Wilson's documentary "EMPLOYEES LEAVE Googlex" (Figure 7. 4), which was recorded in 2011, was restricted by personality qualifications for employees who were entrusted with books for the Google Books Database. It indicates that it is hired as a class. Figure 7. 4 indicates that employees who have been scanning a book for Google Books Database are restricted by personal qualifications and restricted access to most places in Google. 28 (obviously, even if you work overtime to protect the world's cultural heritage, you will not be able to take lunch as well as free pad Ki Mao preparation class). 29 In a capitalist society, "time is money" often. But don't forget to ask who is spending and who is saving. The underlying condition of Amazon's mechanical tark (also called mturk because it is a crowdsourcing platform) is the desire to save the time and income of the people who handle data. The 24 MTURK website describes access to the global market "o n-demand workers" and "extendable and economical" than the "labo r-intensive (and) remote" process that employs actual workers. It is advertised as "effective for". 25 However, according to a recent survey by the Pew Research Center, 51 % of workers called "Turkish people" have received higher education. He has received higher education, and has fallen below the minimum wage, even in light of other indicators. 26 This form of lo w-wage labor in this form has also moved from the United States to countries with weak (or worst) and less economic growth opportunities. According to a survey conducted in 2010 by the University of Ilveein California, the number of core workers hired in the United States was as follows in 18 months of observation.

Even companies with abundant resources such as Amazon and Google have been very underestimated in data entry work than that they have created. Andrew Norman Wilson's documentary "EMPLOYEES LEAVE Googlex" (Figure 7. 4), which was recorded in 2011, was restricted by personality qualifications for employees who were entrusted with books for the Google Books Database. It indicates that it is hired as a class. Figure 7. 4 indicates that employees who have been scanning a book for Google Books Database are restricted by personal qualifications and restricted access to most places in Google. 28 (obviously, even if you work overtime to protect the world's cultural heritage, you will not be able to take lunch as well as free pad Ki Mao preparation class). 29 In a capitalist society, "time is money" often. But don't forget to ask who is spending and who is saving. The underlying condition of Amazon's mechanical tark (also called mturk because it is a crowdsourcing platform) is the desire to save the time and income of the people who handle data. 24 MTURK's website describes access to the global market "o n-demand workers" and "extended and economical" than the "labo r-intensive (and) remote" process that employs actual workers. It is advertised as "effective for". 25 However, according to a recent survey by the Pew Research Center, 51 % of workers called "Turkish people" have received higher education. He has received higher education, and has fallen below the minimum wage, even in light of other indicators. 26 This form of lo w-wage labor in this form has also moved from the United States to countries with weak (or worst) and less economic growth opportunities. According to a survey conducted in 2010 by the University of Ilveein California, the number of core workers hired in the United States was as follows in 18 months of observation.

Examining Data Production

You will not surprise the long rows of colored female researchers and activists, such as Angela Davis, Patricia Hill Collins, and Evrin Nakano. Glen claims that financial suppression is recognized as a vector that penetrates the entire dominant matrix. "The hierarchy of modern data work is a reflection of the hierarchies of modern data work, which is collapsing, and hierarchies of racials." Here, Irani is associated with the hierarchy faced by a firs t-generation female computer scientist, such as Christine Daden, which was featured in the beginning of this book, but Irani's own individual. The research is also evaluated for modern digital labor practices, especially Amazon mechanical tarks, people hired, and those who exploit them. In 2008, Irani and his c o-author created a web tool called Turkopticon so that Turks could report unreasonable working conditions. 32 Irani considered Turkopticon as a worke r-led plan. It was the same unfair working conditions that I needed to create this tool,

Figure 7. 4: Workers Leave The GooglePlex by Andrew Normal (2011) records the hidden inequality of Google headquarters in the mountain view. Photo: It will not surprise the long rows of colored female researchers and activists, such as Andrew Norman Wilson Angela Davis, Patricia Hill Collins, and Evulin Nakano. Glen claims that financial suppression is recognized as a vector that penetrates the entire dominant matrix. "The hierarchy of modern data work is a reflection of the hierarchies of modern data work, which is collapsing, and hierarchies of racials." Here, Irani is associated with the hierarchy faced by a firs t-generation female computer scientist, such as Christine Daden, which was featured in the beginning of this book, but Irani's own individual. The research is also evaluated for modern digital labor practices, especially Amazon mechanical tarks, people hired, and those who exploit them. In 2008, Irani and his c o-author created a web tool called Turkopticon so that Turks could report unreasonable working conditions. 32 Irani considered Turkopticon as a worke r-led plan. It was the same unfair working conditions that I needed to create this tool,

Figure 7. 4: Workers Leave The GooglePlex by Andrew Normal (2011) records the hidden inequality of Google headquarters in the mountain view. Photo provision: You will not surprise the long rows of colored female researchers and activists, such as Andrew Norman Wilson Angela Davis, Patricia Hill Collins, and Evulin Nakano. Glen claims that financial suppression is recognized as a vector that penetrates the entire dominant matrix. "The hierarchy of modern data work is a reflection of the hierarchies of modern data work, which is collapsing, and hierarchies of racials." Here, Irani is associated with the hierarchy faced by a firs t-generation female computer scientist, such as Christine Daden, which was featured in the beginning of this book, but Irani's own individual. The research is also evaluated for modern digital labor practices, especially Amazon mechanical tarks, people hired, and those who exploit them. In 2008, Irani and his c o-author created a web tool called Turkopticon so that Turks could report unreasonable working conditions. 32 Irani considered Turkopticon as a worke r-led plan. It was the same unfair working conditions that I needed to create this tool,

Crediting Data Work

Figure 7. 4: Workers Leave the GooglePlex by Andrew Normal (2011) records the hidden inequality of Google headquarters in Mountain View. Photo provision: Andrew Norman Wilson

As Irani says, the people who do this cultural work with data are not just on the MTurk platform. They are increasingly made up of people on whom the entire information economy depends. Cultural data workers are responsible for the invisible work of moderating the vast amount of content that appears online every day, making sure, for example, that your Facebook feed is free of child pornography or violent videos. When Wired magazine published an exposé in 2014 about the psychological toll of this kind of work done by a small minority of unprotected workers, the fairer sex of the Mass South, a storm of shock and indignation erupted. 34 But further studies, such as the “ghost work” by anthropologist Mary Gray and computer scientist Siddharth Soori, have confirmed the existence of a vast “global underclass” that does this kind of work, such as content moderation, transcription, and subtitling. 35 They show, for example, that the so-called automation of the origins of artificial intelligence depends on many people. 36 While the demographic of tech workers in the Silicon Plain is still relatively young, white, and male, these large numbers of “ghost workers” are often older women of color who must accept the most precarious working conditions possible.

Those who study the human cost of mass capitalism cannot help but notice that the exploitation of a precarious, racially determined colonial labor force represents a long-term situation rooted in slavery, the original form of human exploitation by human beings. Indeed, slavery and capitalism are inextricably linked, and an unfortunately familiar situation is often cited to explain this. In 1781, the British slave ship Zong made a series of navigational errors while crossing the Atlantic, resulting in a virtual lack of drinking water for the 17 crew members and the 133 slaves on board. 37 After a cost-benefit analysis, the captain decided to dump the enslaved human “cargo” overboard and eat all the remaining water and food for the crew themselves. The captain came to this conclusion because he calculated that if he put the captured people in the bank and couldn't sell them, he could still collect the insurance money that would make the deaths of the people he captured a profit. He valued human life at a market price, a concept that capitalism values above all else.

Due to the ridiculous calculation, many scholars and designers returned to the Zong, remembering Christina Sharp who actually spoke the words of the ship, and called the traces of slavery 3838. 38 Poet M. Nurubes Philip, for example, wrote the poem "Zong"! This poem applies only the text of the lawsuit that works as one document proof of the first action. The Philip's poem, which was written over many years and posted in 2011, is placed on a printed page with text and short geta from the litigation wording. In Philip's poetry, the times have changed from the past to reality, and from reality to the past, and in fact exploitation of the black body, which is the result of the first crime, that is, for the economic interests of Snow White. The fact that it has not yet been resolved is appropriate for a sharp attitude statement. 40

Our advanced technical infrastructure follows the footprints of the operation scheme. In the United States, a high-salary or decisive unpaid labor by people in the gradual slave system-Cthuska's decision-from Windows Software packaging to crude oil outflow caused by BP's negligence. It is used for everything until removal. 41 Giant colonial context, a cobalt, which is important for the production of lithiu m-ion batteries that supplies power to our mobile phone equipment and laptops, covers the labor of 7-yea r-old Congo children and have serious human rights. You can see it when it is associated with infringement. 42 Unconounced electronic devices have long been operated as a space for invention and ingenuity, such as Agrege Bros, which is not far from Acka (Ghana), which is not too far from Acka (Ghana). Nevertheless, it has been transformed into a toxic "electronic waste". 43 The humanitarian and environmental figure, which is caused by 43 information and technology habits, does not have all the highest opportunities as a key. Because this calculation was ridiculously cruel, many scholars and designers returned to the "Zong", remember Christina Sharp, who actually spoke the words of the ship, and call the "trace" of slavery 3838. is. 38 Poet M. Nurubes Philip, for example, wrote the poem "Zong"! This poem applies only the text of the lawsuit that works as one document proof of the first action. The Philip's poem, which was written over many years and posted in 2011, is placed on a printed page with text and short geta from the litigation wording. In Philip's poetry, the times have changed from the past to reality, and from reality to the past, and in fact exploitation of the black body, which is the result of the first crime, that is, for the economic interests of Snow White. The fact that it has not yet been resolved is appropriate for a sharp attitude statement. 40

Our advanced technical infrastructure follows the footprints of the operation scheme. In the United States, a high-salary or decisive unpaid labor by people in the gradual slave system-Cthuska's decision-from Windows Software packaging to crude oil outflow caused by BP's negligence. It is used for everything until removal. 41 Giant colonial context, a cobalt, which is important for the production of lithiu m-ion batteries that supplies power to our mobile phone equipment and laptops, covers the labor of 7-yea r-old Congo children and have serious human rights. You can see it when it is associated with infringement. 42 Unconounced electronic devices have long been operated as a space for invention and ingenuity, such as Agrege Bros, which is not far from Acka (Ghana), which is not too far from Acka (Ghana). Nevertheless, it has been transformed into a toxic "electronic waste". 43 The humanitarian and environmental figure, which is caused by 43 information and technology habits, does not have all the highest opportunities as a key. Due to the ridiculous calculation, many scholars and designers returned to the Zong, remembering Christina Sharp who actually spoke the words of the ship, and called the traces of slavery 3838. 38 Poet M. Nurubes Philip, for example, wrote the poem "Zong"! This poem applies only the text of the lawsuit that works as one document proof of the first action. The Philip's poem, which was written over many years and posted in 2011, is placed on a printed page with text and short geta from the litigation wording. In Philip's poetry, the times have changed from the past to reality, and from reality to the past, and in fact exploitation of the black body, which is the result of the first crime, that is, for the economic interests of Snow White. The fact that it has not yet been resolved is appropriate for a sharp attitude statement. 40

There are so many opportunities to be unable to resist the power of popularity. And we all should be considered an accomplice on how people use data and technology in their daily work. However, in order to resist this power, there are small luggage that we can arrange when we work with our work and other people. Connecting the research of authority to data analysis plan (Chapter 1 and 2), denying incorrect binary conflicts and hierarchies (Chapter 4), and a large number of, and dedicated voices in design processes. Connecting (Chapter 5), not the emotions are created, but the context of the data (Chapter 6), which actually speaks.

In accordance with these principles, we are clearly able to emphasize the location of the helpful science, telecommunications and other refined people who are still investigating the work of dat a-power, visualization, Those who study the methods and robots and their human and physical resources. This growth field has the potential to be called a research work for data production. This is a section borrowed from the production field, which is located in real time at the intersection of film and media research and work research. The main concern in the research work of film and the medi a-related production is how the media products are created. Miranda Banks, a media surface, argues that "production research is a feminism method," because it pays special interest in the differentiation of power in the media production process and the material conditions of media workers. 。 45 Research focusing on data production has already been conducted in these fields, including ST, digital humanity science, library information science, and archive research. 46. Evaluate the dataset, algorithm, and model production process, track these products and standards that contributed to those production. There are so many opportunities that cannot resist. And we all should be considered an accomplice on how people use data and technology in their daily work. However, in order to resist this power, there are small luggage that we can arrange when we work with our work and others. Connecting the research of authority to data analysis plan (Chapter 1 and 2), denying incorrect binary conflicts and hierarchies (Chapter 4), and a large number of, and dedicated voices in design processes. Connecting (Chapter 5), not the emotions are created, but the context of the data (Chapter 6), which actually speaks.

In accordance with these principles, we are clearly able to emphasize the location of scientists, telecommunications and other refiners who are still investigating the science of dat a-power, visualization, Those who study the methods and robots and their human and physical resources. This growth field has the potential to be called a research work for data production. This is a section borrowed from the production field, which is located in real time at the intersection of film and media research and work research. The main concern in the research work of film and the medi a-related production is how the media products are created. Miranda Banks, a media surface, argues that "production research is a feminism method," because it pays special interest in the differentiation of power in the media production process and the material conditions of media workers. 。 45 Research focusing on data production has already been conducted in these fields, including ST, digital humanity science, library information science, and archive research. 46. Evaluate the dataset, algorithm, and model production process, track these products and standards that contributed to those production. There are so many opportunities to be unable to resist the power of popularity. And we all should be considered an accomplice on how people use data and technology in their daily work. However, in order to resist this power, there are small luggage that we can arrange when we work with our work and other people. Connecting the research of authority to data analysis plan (Chapter 1 and 2), denying incorrect binary conflicts and hierarchies (Chapter 4), and a large number of, and dedicated voices in design processes. Connecting (Chapter 5), not the emotions are created, but the context of the data (Chapter 6), which actually speaks.

Crediting Emotional Labor and Care Work

As an example of a job in this fresh field, you can mention "anatomy of the artificial origin of intelligence"-Technology-Retirement Kate-Crawford and Designer VLADLAN JOLER, the task, the task. It is an overview of the data and the maturity of material resources used to make human work, 1, and moves Amazon Echo. The plan is published online with a very large Bolesov-ratio-diagram exterior to completely distinguish on the screen of the normal laptop (Fig. 7. In the beginning, visitors have devised electrical components. Introduced in the prey of the necessary fossils to produce, and reports that the task is all the same for this task. ( From services to preparation of datasets, the layers of all of the workers are reflected in the figure (Figure 7. 5B), which is "fractal production. And the "chain of operations", but their games are outlined.

"Anatomy of the origin of artificial intelligence" is an invisible study and exposure associated with mass production of the first product. In this way, it is an arrogant example of "work work", the seventh principle of data feminism. When there is a hidden job, the mystery and marketing of data data are often performed by weak representatives and colored races, for example, such a result, this job, for example. , Underestimated. Data feminism is ease of recognition of this job, and it is as long as it is recognized to resolve this job, and for the people and the earth. As an example of a job in this fresh field, you can list "anatomy of the artificial origin of intelligence"-Technology-Retirement Kate-Crooford and Designer VLADLAN JOLER Tasks outline the data and the maturity of material resources used to make human work, 1, and move to Amazon Echo. The plan is published online with a very large Bolesov-ratio-diagram exterior to completely distinguish on the screen of the normal laptop (Fig. 7. In the beginning, visitors have devised electrical components. Introduced in the prey of the necessary fossils to produce, and reports that the task is all the same for this task. ( From services to preparation of datasets, the layers of all of the workers are reflected in the figure (Figure 7. 5B), which is "fractal production. And the "chain of operations", but their games are outlined.

"Anatomy of the origin of artificial intelligence" is an invisible study and exposure associated with mass production of the first product. In this way, it is an arrogant example of "work work", the seventh principle of data feminism. When there is a hidden job, the mystery and marketing of data data are often performed by weak representatives and colored races, for example, such a result, this job, for example. , Underestimated. Data feminism is ease of recognition of this job, and it is as long as it is recognized to resolve this job, and for the people and the earth. As an example of a job in this fresh field, you can mention "anatomy of the artificial origin of intelligence"-Technology-Retirement Kate-Crawford and Designer VLADLAN JOLER, the task, the task. It is an overview of the data and the maturity of material resources used to make human work, 1, and moves Amazon Echo. The plan is published online with a very large Bolesov-ratio-diagram exterior to completely distinguish on the screen of the normal laptop (Fig. 7. In the beginning, visitors have devised electrical components. Introduced in the prey of the necessary fossils to produce, and reports that the task is all the same for this task. ( From services to preparation of datasets, the layers of all of the workers are reflected in the figure (Figure 7. 5B), which is "fractal production. And the "chain of operations", but their games are outlined.

The denial of formal recognition of different cases has its origins in the feminist practice of quotation. Feminist theorist Sara Ahmed sees this practice as a way to confront the ways in which certain types of people (typically brothers and sisters, white, male) “occupy space by excluding others.”48 When these others are excluded, they become invisible and their contributions go unrecognized. The techniques of selection that Ahmed calls their erasure are not necessarily intentional, but unfortunately perpetuate themselves. Ahmed gives the example of sitting in a leather chair. It is unlikely that someone who has not spent time in that chair, someone who has different needs or needs for time, will notice how uncomfortable it is. And so, sitting in that comfortable leather chair, or, more likely in the world of design, in a molded plastic Eames chair, is a daily reminder of the existence of redundant forms of work and redundant people in the workplace. Figure 7. 5: Educational program (a) and details (b) from “Anatomy of an Artificial Intelligence System” (2018) - Diagram and essay by Kate Crawford and Vladan Yoler that attempts to fully reflect the human labor, data, and planetary resources that went into making the Amazon Echo device. Courtesy of Kate Crawford and Vladan Yoler.

Things are quickly becoming complicated, even at the scale of the first data science initiative. It’s not always easy, if possible, to find all the people’s names and what they do. But taking steps to document all the people working on a project while it’s being created certainly helps ensure that the data resulting from that work is preserved after the project is finished. In fact, this is one of the four guiding principles of the “Contributors’ Bill of Rights.” A document drafted in 2011 by an interdisciplinary group of librarians, staff technologists, scientists, and postdoctoral researchers, in response to the proliferation of positions of various positions seeking personal input into projects and data-driven (and other digital projects). 49

When developing data products from a feminist's point of view, we must strive to show the tasks performed in the current plan cycle. This continues to continue, even if it is difficult to identify the names of each member of the plan, or if the work may have a collective nature and cannot be returned to a single information source. It is important. In such a case, 50, a research group that aims to document and visualize other financial systems, 50. In the 50 reports, the Group is the Nilipino Negros Peninsula. It gathered information on common economic diversity operated in these various areas, such as around Quebec, Canadian, and Kerara, India. In this report, a visual metaphor called Izuda is used (Fig. 7. 6). There is an employment work on the top of the iceberg and floats on the water. -There are employment work on the top of the iceberg, and dozens of other labor forms (no n-regular loans, consumer cooperatives, family labor, etc.) offer important financial ballasts under the water. But I can't see it.

With the idea of labor under the surface of the water, it is likely to return to the GitHub example that has begun this guide and contribute to code creation, but it is unlikely to be displayed in the visualization scheme used by GitHub in real time. You can ask what a supported labor form. Although it is not directly expressed in specific numbers, quantities, and frequency of contribution, you can think of the work of a plan manager that guarantees the quality and consistency of all plan code. You can also think about designers and technical writers involved in planning. Both may have helped to create a plan at the first stage, but it is highly likely that they have moved to other jobs. When you talk about planes for buyers, you can also contribute to the buyer support team. Alternatively, the initiative for unification may include an initiative, who has built permanent relationships with local communities over the years. This kind of labor form is related to the struggle of any plan in both the productive and reproduction, but it is invisible in real time, and the contribution to the plan is assumed that the code depends on the code. In the diagram, there is no possibility that it is simply visualized. 51 When developing data products from a feminist's point of view, you must strive to show the tasks performed in the current plan cycle. This continues to continue, even if it is difficult to identify the names of each member of the plan, or if the work may have a collective nature and cannot be returned to a single information source. It is important. In such a case, 50, a research group that aims to document and visualize other financial systems, 50. In the 50 reports, the Group is the Nilipino Negros Peninsula. It gathered information on common economic diversity operated in these various areas, such as around Quebec, Canadian, and Kerara, India. In this report, a visual metaphor called Izuda is used (Fig. 7. 6). There is an employment work on the top of the iceberg and floats on the water. -There are employment work on the top of the iceberg, and dozens of other labor forms (no n-regular loans, consumer cooperatives, family labor, etc.) offer important financial ballasts under the water. But I can't see it.

With the idea of labor under the surface of the water, it is likely to return to the GitHub example that has begun this guide and contribute to code creation, but it is unlikely to be displayed in the visualization scheme used by GitHub in real time. You can ask what a supported labor form. Although it is not directly expressed in specific numbers, quantities, and frequency of contribution, you can think of the work of a plan manager that guarantees the quality and consistency of all plan code. You can also think about designers and technical writers involved in planning. Both may have helped to create a plan at the first stage, but it is highly likely that they have moved to other jobs. When you talk about planes for buyers, you can also contribute to the buyer support team. Alternatively, the initiative for unification may include an initiative, who has built permanent relationships with local communities over the years. This kind of labor form is related to the struggle of any plan in both the productive and reproduction, but it is invisible in real time, and the contribution to the plan is assumed that the code depends on the code. In the diagram, there is no possibility that it is simply visualized. 51 When developing data products from a feminist's point of view, you must strive to show the tasks performed in the current plan cycle. This continues to continue, even if it is difficult to identify the names of each member of the plan, or if the work may have a collective nature and cannot be returned to a single information source. It is important. In such a case, 50, a research group that aims to document and visualize other financial systems, 50. In the 50 reports, the Group is the Nilipino Negros Peninsula. It gathered information on common economic diversity operated in these various areas, such as around Quebec, Canadian, and Kerara, India. In this report, a visual metaphor called Izuda is used (Fig. 7. 6). There is an employment work on the top of the iceberg and floats on the water. -There are employment work on the top of the iceberg, and dozens of other labor forms (no n-regular loans, consumer cooperatives, family labor, etc.) offer important financial ballasts under the water. But I can't see it.

However, in more cases than expected, work related to data has the potential to be apparent through the data itself. Historian Benjamin Schmidt is conducting research on the role of local government agencies in the formation of social knowledge, but metadata related to the digital catalog of the US Council, the most lacquered library in the world. (Fig. 7.) The initial goal of 52 Schmidt was to understand the collection and systematization system that made up of the catalog. However, in the visualization of the catalog item, he created another. After applying the year and publishing year of the book record, he in the image, a chain of a chain, a step with a step, and a black vertical stripes without an answer. I found it. It can be imagined as a leading process with two stages: (1) buying a book, (2) entering the catalog.

Figure 7. 6: Figure of many labor practices created by the Next Systems Project for reporting about the development of the community economy, by the Next System Project. The figure was provided by JK Gibso n-Greet, Jenny Cameron, Kelly Dongbrovsky, Stephen Hilly and Itan Miller for Next System Plan.

Show Your Work

Figure 7. 7: "A Brief Visual Catalogue SitUation of Marc in The USA Congress Library" (2017) visualizes the time when books in the US parliamentary library were published in the digital catalog. The image is in love with Benjamin M. Schmit.

As Schmidt understands, the vertical units with braces indicate the moment when the inventory has begun to be folded in a book posted before the library switches to digital format, and more old books are published in an online catalog. I tried to do it. The ste p-shaped unit indicated the time when the catalog returned to a specific su b-aggregate in the library, and in the meantime, inputting the entire book data. What is the horizon? Schmidt concluded that the horizontal line was found to be found only in 1800 and 1900, and that the horizontal line was missing information about publications. This is because the advanced practical work in the library catalog is instructed to testify in the first year of the century if the publication of a clear date is unknown.

These visual products, which have special attention to work presentations, also make you think about how much the physiological tasks are related to the transition of cardboard recording from libraries to digital format. 。 The black part in the figure is not a rudimentary for the number of books in the folder. The people who introduced them are also shown. (According to Schmidt, the continuous number of records is 10 million and continues to increase). Similarly, the step shape does not indicate a rudimentary to increase the amount of data entry. They show the strategic conclusions of a library member to return to a specific part of the collection, reflecting these workers prepared for the gaps to be filled, that is, their mental work. Schmidt-Visualization is changing to the data environment-if you use the rants on the right of Yanny Lucusus, and the people who have worked in this environment to get the angry data It helps to actually show that it is changing. 53

Elim Poon - Journalist, Creative Writer

Last modified: 27.08.2024

7, 8, 9 Illustrating data feminism in action, D'Ignazio and Klein show feminists who want to focus their efforts on the growing field of data science. present harms, and its future possibilities? This talk will briefly summarize the principles of data feminism before moving to a set of examples that show. 7 Show Your Work. Principle: Make Labor Visible. The work of data science, like all work in the world, is the work of many hands. Data feminism.

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