Legal words

Read up on legal terms you will often see on our website and in court.

On this page

A

accused - a person accused of committing a crime.

post adjournment - asking the court to postpone the hearing of your case to a later date. If the court grants this, the postponement is called an adjournment.

admin - a person appointed by the guardian list to make financial and legal decisions on behalf of a disabled person who is unable to make these decisions. Guardian list cases are tried by the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT).

administrator (will) - a person appointed by the tribunal to manage the estate of a deceased person in the absence of a clergyman or when a favourable executor is not named in the will.

injured family member - a person who needs protection from domestic violence

victim - a person who needs protection from persecution

affidavit - a written document supported by the court. An affidavit is signed by an authorised person (such as a lawyer or a senior judge) who swears or acknowledges their innocence.

Affidavit - a statement or promise that one believes to be true, submitted when one does not wish to swear on a religious book such as the Bible or the Quran.

An alcohol blocker is a device that is attached to the ignition switch of a car and measures the amount of alcohol in the breath. If the blocker detects alcohol, the car will not start.

Statement - to accuse another person of an act.

Complaint - a procedure in which a party may challenge a decision of a court, tribunal, or government agency.

Applicant - a person who applies for a court order.

Arrest - an arrest made by the police after they believe that the law has not been obeyed.

Asset - property, territory, promotion, bank deposits, jewelry, clothing, and other belongings that one possesses.

Aide-de-camp - a person who can influence the accused to act in his or her own interest, such as a friend or relative.

A stipend is a document that sets out the wage rates and working conditions of a group of employees.

B

A bond is an obligation to appear before a tribunal at a certain date and to answer a complaint. You may have to agree to these conditions, such as calling the police, being put in a specific room, or having someone act as your surety.

Surety - Someone who promises money or property if you do not meet the conditions for release on the bail.

Bailiff - A person who has the power to decide whether to release you on a bail bond while you are in police custody.

Balance of Probabilities is the degree of evidence that is important in civil law, determining which version of events has a higher probability of occurring. It is easier to justify than "beyond any meaningful doubt".

Attorney - A defense lawyer who specializes in a jurisdiction.

Beneficiary - A person to whom something is transferred by a will.

Beyond Meaningful Doubt - The degree of evidence that is important in a criminal case for this purpose, for a judge or jury to reach a conclusion about a person's guilt.

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) - The amount of alcohol in the blood.

DO NOT OBVIEW - Failure to obey a law or court order.

The brief presentation of evidence is to prepare the police's version against you if you are accused of atrocity. You have every opportunity to introduce the charges, the testimony of informants, your criminal history and other documents available to the police in your case.

C

A case is your legal matter in the court system.

Minor - An official notice, basically meaning that without a prepared notice from the person who issued it, there is no chance that a particular repercussion will be carried out. For example, if someone bars you from your house, you cannot transfer ownership of the house until the ban is lifted.

A photo evidence is a photograph of a document that an authorized person has guaranteed "this is an exact and absolute image of the original".

Charge - This word is used in two senses. Firstly, this is the impact that has the potential to make the police. When the police charge you with breaking the law, it means that the police actually believe that you are not following the law and will transport you to court. Secondly, when the police charge you with breaking the law, the law violation is still called a charge. For example, if you arrive at court on a driving charge. Note: These departments still have every opportunity to ask you, like the Municipal Council and the Ministry of Financial Formation, Employment, Vehicles, and Resources.

Charge and Agenda - If the police file for you, it still has the option called "Charge and Agenda". The "Agenda" part means that a trial order will come to the tribunal to answer the police allegations.

Charge is a document that lists all the violations of the law that the police or prosecutors accuse you of. The charges could be a certain number of crimes if the police or the prosecutor's office believes that your securities do not comply with a certain number of laws.

Will supplement - a legal document used to structure a will

Social orthodontic orders are sanctions that the court can impose you when you commit a serious crime and be guilty. You provide this sanctions in society. You need to agree with this order. You usually execute unpaid public services, be placed under the coach of the orthodox, receives treatment, rehabilitation, where you can go, people you can meet, you are out of your home. You will be able to stay on your stay.

Discussion of the cas e-In the first part of the trial, the universal arbitrator determines whether there is enough evidence to bring the case to the court. The judge does not decide whether you are guilty

A confidentiality is a rule that what you actually told someone would not be transmitted to others, even if you were opposed.

A unanimous meeting is to agree with something with a fluid and free will.

The parliament is an agreement between you and the other party, is approved by a court and converted into a court order.

Opposition Followin g-Court trial that does not agree or does not recognize the defendant

Conventional Inquirie s-If you claim innocence in a quoted question (first instance), the ecumenical arbitrator will transfer your case to the dispute. In this hearing, the judge is convicted.

Compatible questions (intervention order) -If you do not agree to the intervention order you have issued, the judge has the option to transition your case to a quarreled hearing. In this hearing, the judge determines whether there is a basis for issuing an intervention order.

Intraversy-In a court hearing when you are innocent, the judge asks you and the number of witnesses from you and the police.

Inconsisten t-When the party determines that the party does not meet the criteria for the court order.

Confirmed / Judgmen t-If the arbitrator or judge determines that he is guilty, he has the option to punish you, regardless of whether or not. This depends on the significance of the law and whether you have been convicted before.

Los s-Financial funds for paying litigation expenses and other expenses that the parties may be ordered in a trial.

Court Lis t-A Court List of Court Shows a case to be trialed on a specific day.

A call is a document from a court, indicating that you are obliged to solve something. It is also a document that stipulates sanctions in case of guilty without complying.

Criminal Recor d-Public records that have been convicted of past law violations and records of prison.

Detained penaltie s-punishment in prison and prison

Guardianship - when you are in custody and the guardianship term does not expire.

D

Common-law spouse - people who live together as if they were married, but are not considered married.

Petition - a document signed, officially sealed, and delivered.

Defense - a legal reason to believe you are innocent of the crime you are accused of.

Defendant - a person or organization suspected of not following the law.

Declarant - a person who testifies under oath.

Discretion - when the adjudicator can choose whether to produce something or not.

Substitute execution is a way to handle a criminal case outside of court, giving you a chance to avoid a criminal record.

Abnormality hearing - a hearing where the adjudicator decides whether to admit abnormality.

Notice of abnormality - a form the police fill out to show that they admit abnormality.

Recommendation of refusal - when the source agrees to recommend refusal to you.

Divorce decree - a court order that ends a marriage.

Cohabitant - an unmarried person who has registered their relationship in the Relationship Registry. Someone who makes personal and financial commitments with another person and offers to provide household assistance.

Driver's license revocation - when a court revokes your license and prohibits you from driving.

Drug addiction assessment - a test the police can ask you to take if they suspect you are driving under the influence of drugs

Date attorney - a lawyer who can help people who don't have a personal lawyer on the day of their court hearing. They are arranged to give legal advice for charities and to represent people in court.

E

Power of attorney - a document that allows someone to make financial, personal and legal decisions for you, even if you are unable to make decisions on your own.

Restraining order - a written document issued by the court stating that you are obligated to carry out certain orders.

Possession - the property of a deceased person

Corroboration - information (documents, witnesses or physical evidence) used in court to confirm something.

Ex parte hearing - a hearing in which a conclusion is reached even if one of the parties is not present in court.

Child born out of wedlock - a baby born to parents who are not married.

No trespassing order - a court order that prohibits someone from entering a certain place or space. This order has the ability to prevent the person from visiting public places or going near their family home after such an intervention order is issued.

Executor - a person appointed by a will to administer an estate.

Material evidence - evidence submitted to the court to confirm something, such as jewelry, drugs, or murder weapons found on the defendant's property.

F

Home counsellor - a psychology expert or community worker who assists the court and parties in cases involving children.

Domestic dispute resolution - after a divorce, a domestic dispute resolution expert helps friends resolve differences between friends.

Family court registry - a social space within the family court where people have every opportunity to get information about the court and its proceedings, and to file papers related to their case.

Family investigation report - a report on a family prepared by a family counsellor. This report helps the court reach a conclusion about a juvenile.

Power pressure in the family is harmful behaviour used to control, intimidate, coerce or dominate a family member out of fear. It includes emotional and economic power pressure, as well as physical and sexual power pressure. It also includes exposing children to the effects of such behaviour.

A DV Intervention Order is an order made under Victorian law to protect a family from domestic violence.

Family Violence Order - an order made under Commonwealth, State or National law to protect people, including children, from violence.

Domestic Violence Group - law firms in this group specialize in legal assistance for DV (and personal safety) intervention orders heard and determined in the Full or Small Court (Family Division) or considered on appeal in the District Court.

Domestic Violence (DV) Protection Notice - a notice issued by the police to protect an adult from abusive family members.

Federal District Court Arbitrator - the person who oversees compliance with and receives opinions on the Court Conduct Rules in the Federal District Court.

filing/submission - to submit documents to the court. The Tribunal will condense the documents and return copies.

Final hearing - The final hearing of a trial where the Tribunal hears witnesses and other evidence

Final order - The final order issued by the Tribunal to end the trial

A forensic test is a physical test to find evidence and judge whether further treatment is needed. This includes blood, pubic hair, anus, genitals, breast coating specimens, saliva, mouth and teeth, and recent records of injuries. These treatments must be performed by a specially trained doctor, nurse, and dentist.

G

Give instruction s-Tell your lawyer what you should do

Execution of the wil l-A court order that the executor handles and distributes heritage.

Guarantee-If you do not return your debt, you promise someone to return your debt.

Guardia n-Victoria Civil administrative court (VCAT) A person who makes decisions on the lives of people who cannot make decisions on their own.

Guardian lis t-protect those who are 18 years old or older and cannot make their own rational decisions due to disability. The Guardian List case will be heard in the Victorian Civil Administration Court (VCAT).

Confirmation is a word that is said when acknowledging that he has broken the law. In addition, the court's decision.

H

Inquirie s-Presentation of trials in court and court.

I

Illegal dru g-illegal drugs such as methylimphetamine (speed), MDMA (ecstasy), THC (cannabis).

Immobilizatio n-Stop vehicles with wheel clamps and handle locks.

Se collectio n-Store the car in a safe storage facility during the specified period.

Independent Child Advocat e-A lawyer who has been appointed by the court and represents the best interests of children.

Independen t-A adult who must be in the police interrogation if parents are under the age of 18 and cannot be present.

Independent third part y-If you have an intellectual disability, you have been trained in the police interrogation and trained to help each other.

The prosecuted crime is a serious crime, and may be in front of a judge and a jury in a high court. Many crimes will be judged in the security court if you and the judge agree.

Information provide r-Police or government officials (such as managers) who may accuse you and give you a disadvantage in court.

WhistleBlower Statemen t-Explains how you think you have broken the law.

A non-violation notice is a notice (also called an on-the-spot fine) that states the amount you must pay for minor violations of the law, such as littering, parking violations, or not following traffic rules. In return, you have the option to go to court.

A non-violation order is a court document that gives the authority to do certain things, such as a sheriff coming to your address to demand payment, slashing the tires on your car, or notifying you that they intend to stop enforcing your rights.

Interim hearing - A hearing to discuss matters that need to be completed in a short period of time, such as the residence of children.

Short-term order - An order issued by the tribunal until another or final order is made.

Intervention order - A court order to protect against domestic violence or stalking.

Probate - A person who dies without a will is called a probate owner.

J

Joint agreement - When two people are appointed as attorneys and both must agree on the outcome.

Joint and separate appointment - when two or more people are appointed as counsel and one or all are given every opportunity to make a valid statement.

Arbitrator - the person who controls what happens in the Supreme Court and considers legal issues

Conclusion - the conclusion of the court

Judicial bureaucrat - someone who, by law, has the capacity to hear and decide cases, such as an arbitrator, federal judge, or universal arbitrator.

jurispundenuia - the administration of justice in the court, or the country over which the administration of justice in the court extends (such as Victoria).

jury - a group of 12 people who decide guilt or innocence based on evidence presented in court.

L

Attorney - someone who has the capacity to advise on legal matters and represent in court.

Legal capacity - the ability to perceive and think.

Earnest money - the right to hold another person's property until that person fulfills a promise or pays a debt relating to that property. For example, if you hire a mechanic to repair your car, the mechanic can claim a deposit on the car until the work is paid for.

M

Ecumenical Arbitrator - An officer of the Chancery Court who has an opinion on issuing orders and therefore has serious implications.

Mental Disability - Disabilities such as intellectual disability, acquired traumatic brain injury, mental illness, and dementia.

Hearing Date - A hearing date where the universal arbitrator will ask you or your lawyer questions about your case. The bailiff will also speak to another lawyer (or the police, if they are involved in the case). If a resolution is not reached in your case, a hearing date may be set.

A hearing is the first hearing of a case at the magistrate's office to determine guilt or innocence. If the defendant is found guilty, the hearing will hear the case and give a verdict.

N

No Comment - What to say if you don't want to say anything to the police

A summons is a document that the police give you when they suspect you of breaking the law. This document gets you to court on a specific date. Usually, the police issue a notice about the need to appear in court and don't send it to you.

Innocence is what you say when you deny a crime that is against the law. It is also a court decision.

O

Oath is an oath to tell the truth in the name of one's religious beliefs.

Offence - A crime - something that the law considers to be bad.

Offender - A person who has committed a crime.

P

Child rearing plan - A written agreement between the parties that sets out the order of child rearing.

Parties - Individuals or legal entities involved in a case (e. g., banks).

Film - Penalty for breaking a law.

Penalty Unit - Used to calculate the amount of the penalty. The size of the penalty unit is indexed and increases on July 1st each year. For current amounts, see Penalty Units.

Offender - Someone who breaks the law.

Arraignment - To admit guilt. Guilty or innocent is up to you.

A police report is the documentary evidence the police use to prove their case.

A police case is the police's explanation of what happened and why they have charged you.

Police Report - Police say it happened

A judgment is a court decision that serves as an example or reason for a subsequent judgment.

A provisional certificate is a reduced version of the evidence certificate you receive at the early stages of a trial. In the provisional certificate, you receive detailed information on the charge version, but it does not have to include evidence.

A criminal record is your criminal record.

A confidentiality privilege is a legal rule that confidential information you have given or received from your lawyer cannot be used in court.

A prosecuting attorney is an employee of an agency who has the power to represent that agency in court. For example, an employee of a city council, the Department of Economic Development, Work and Transport, the Australian Taxation Office, or the fisheries division of the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning.

A district attorney is a police officer who gives a police opinion in court, also called a prosecutor. A prosecutor can be a public official (e. g., an employee of a correctional institution) or an employee of the agency that issued you a criminal notice.

Proven - When a judicial officer finds you guilty.

R

Registrar - A person who works for the court and is authorized to do various acts.

An accused is a party that the applicant has declared as the other party in court.

Rescind - To cancel something, such as a court order or a mandamus.

S

Sentence - This term is used with two values. First, if the judge finds you guilty, he will give you a sentence according to the crime you committed. That is, the judge will sentence you and, if your crime is serious, he may even sentence you guilty. Secondly, a conviction and a sentence are called a "sentence".

Sentence display - The judge will know what sentence he will give you if he finds you guilty. This will help you decide whether to continue pleading innocent or plead guilty.

Presentment - This term is used in two senses. Firstly, this is the lawful delivery of a document. Secondly, this is when complying with a court or Vicroads order. For example, if you have a driving imprisonment sentence, you will not get behind the wheel when you are barred by the court.

A Sheriff is a person who applies sanctions if you do not comply with a court order. For example, they can take possession of your property if they have a warrant.

A Solicitor is a lawyer who gives legal advice and defends you in court.

Pursuit - Repeated contact with another person or taking action that causes them to feel fear, distress or danger.

Application - A written statement that contains your words about the events. An application can be used as evidence in court.

A Complaint Application is a statement by an informant about what the crime was and how it happened. A Complaint Application can include witness statements, if there are any.

An official statement is a document in which a person makes a statement under penalty of perjury and certifies that it is true.

Stay/Suspend - Stay means that the court will postpone the execution of the court order before a new hearing or appeal is held. If the court decision is postponed, it is suspended.

Ope n-Your business will be canceled for a short period of time and generally recalls for what.

The agenda in the court is a document that tells you that you need to be in court, or a specific article to the court to claim.

A primary society is a meeting that discusses your own (or your lawyer) and the police / prosecutor on your own claims and the fact that you can't agree. This conference will be held before you enter the court and admit that you are innocent.

A light attitude violation is the most important law violation that could be deliberated in a large court or a child's court. All violations of the law are regarded as a comprehensive crime, except for crimes prescribed in the prison statutory principle, and are actually regarded as (more serious) crimes if they are not stipulated by law.

A diary is a court document specified when you need to be in court.

Controlled acces s-When a guardian spends with his child, another adult is nearby, and that the baby is actually in a safe place.

Ballinging is a person who promises funds or assets if you do not meet the status of cancellation under your deposit. At present, it is called "guarantor" or "promised guarantee."

A letter of delivery is a letter that gives the owner of the car if the police determines that the car was used for drunk driving.

A suspect is a person who thinks that he may be involved in a cruel crime.

Oath is to swear to be actually regarded as the truth in religious books such as the Bible and the Koran.

T

Road Traffic Law violation (No n-Complience with the Rules of Road Movement) -Decrain the law when driving or running on a road.

Redgram-Record of oral evidence of judicial lesson

Lightweight procedur e-when the defendant may be in court in the case of the best case, the defendant does not judge in court rather than the best case.

Cour t-Discussions in jury

Fur u-owne r-Personality that manages trusted property for the benefit of others

U

Promis e-Court's promise to make or not to make specific baggage

V

Victorian Civilian and Administrative Court (VCAT) -Chan rental problems, postslation, and management of flat rentals.

W

Order (ORDER) -Court document.

Spiritua l-A legal document that determines who will receive the shared property or all property after a certain person's death.

A witness is a person who confirms writing or personal testimony in court. Another person who exists when signed a document that approves the credibility of the signature and adds his own personal signature.

Witness call s-Calling a witness to testify, or used to show documents as backdrops